Good work! It reminds me of a game from a previous jam, but in that one you wasn't allowed to change the notes on the loop. Adding notes adds a second layer of strategy.
The one small feedback on the game design is: it looks like you can stick to a pattern you are comfortable with. For example, moving with shield for some beats on the first half of the bar, and then shooting for the other half. As shooting and moving on the same beat is very risky, you most likely will never do that once you learn it. So moving repeatedly and then shooting repeatedly seems to be a very very strong strategy, making the element of changing the music feel somewhat pointless sometimes once you catch this.
I don't know yet how you could make players feel pressured to change the beat. First of all, in this version you cannot remove notes from the bar, so there is that haha, but maybe the notes have a lifetime on the bar, so they vanish after like 8 bars. Then you can respawn notes on the field in a similar duration cooldown. This would already allow player to change plans during the level. To pressure them to make this decision maybe add enemies that you need to throw a shield at then and then attack really quickly? Or some ideas in this direction could be the solution.
I really like the game, the polish, the execution. Really well done!
I also made a rhythm game! Haha, I think you might like it.
Also, did you use an asset to play the sound with a short delay? Or just using the AudioSettings.dspTime and looking ahead like me?